English > substance: 8 senses > noun 2, cognition| Meaning | The choicest or most essential or most vital part of some idea or experience. |
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| Synonyms | kernel, core, center, centre, essence, gist, heart, heart and soul, inwardness, marrow, meat, nub, pith, sum, nitty-gritty |
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| Narrower | bare bones | (plural) the most basic facts or elements |
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| hypostasis | (metaphysics) essential nature or underlying reality |
| quiddity, haecceity | The essence that makes something the kind of thing it is and makes it different from any other |
| quintessence | The purest and most concentrated essence of something |
| stuff | A critically important or characteristic component |
| Broader | content, cognitive content, mental object | The sum or range of what has been perceived, discovered, or learned |
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| Spanish | centro, corazón, enjundia, esencia, médula, meollo, núcleo, quid, sustancia |
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| Catalan | bessó, centre, cor, essència, nucli, quid, substància |
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English > substance: 8 senses > noun 6, communication| Meaning | What a communication that is about something is about. |
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| Synonyms | message, content, subject matter |
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| Narrower | acknowledgment, acknowledgement | A statement acknowledging something or someone |
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| approval, commendation | A message expressing a favorable opinion |
| body | The central message of a communication |
| commitment, dedication | A message that makes a pledge |
| corker | (dated slang) a remarkable or excellent thing or person |
| digression, aside, excursus, divagation, parenthesis | A message that departs from the main subject / subject |
| direction, instruction | A message describing how something is to be done |
| disapproval | The expression of disapproval |
| disrespect, discourtesy | An expression / expression of lack of respect |
| drivel, garbage | A worthless message |
| guidance, counsel, counseling, counselling, direction | Something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action |
| information, info | A message received and understood |
| interpolation, insertion | A message (spoken or written) that is introduced or inserted / inserted |
| latent content | (psychoanalysis) hidden meaning / meaning of a fantasy or dream |
| meaning, significance, signification, import | The message that is intended or expressed or signified |
| memorial | A written statement of facts submitted in conjunction with a petition to an authority |
| narrative, narration, story, tale | A message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events |
| nonsense, bunk, nonsensicality, meaninglessness, hokum | A message that seems to convey no meaning / meaning |
| offer, offering | Something offered (as a proposal or bid) |
| opinion, view | A message expressing a belief about something |
| promotion, promo, publicity, promotional material, packaging | A message issued in behalf of some product or cause or idea or person or institution |
| proposal | Something proposed (such as a plan or assumption / assumption) |
| refusal | A message refusing to accept / accept something that is offered |
| reminder | A message that helps you remember something |
| request, petition, postulation | A formal message requesting something that is submitted to an authority |
| respects | (often used with 'pay') a formal expression of esteem |
| sensationalism | subject matter that is calculated to excite and please vulgar tastes |
| shocker | A sensational / sensational message (in a film or play or novel) |
| statement | A message that is stated or declared |
| statement | A nonverbal message |
| subject, topic, theme | The subject matter of a conversation or discussion |
| submission, entry | Something (manuscripts or architectural plans and models or estimates or works of art of all genres etc.) submitted for the judgment of others (as in a competition) |
| wit, humor, humour, witticism, wittiness | A message whose ingenuity / ingenuity or verbal skill or incongruity has the power to evoke laughter |
| Broader | communication | Something that is communicated by or to or between people or groups |
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| Spanish | contenido, mensaje, tema |
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| Catalan | contingut, missatge, tema |
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English > substance: 8 senses > noun 8, Tops| Meaning | A particular kind or species of matter with uniform properties. |
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| Example | "shigella is one of the most toxic substances known to man" |
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| Narrower | adulterant, adulterator | Any substance that lessens the purity or effectiveness of a substance |
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| agent | A substance that exerts some force or effect |
| allergen | Any substance that can cause an allergy |
| antigen | Any substance (as a toxin or enzyme) that stimulates an immune response in the body (especially the production of antibodies) |
| assay | A substance that is undergoing an analysis of its components |
| carcinogen | Any substance that produces cancer |
| chemical irritant | A substance producing irritation |
| denaturant | Any substance that serves as a denaturing agent |
| digestive | Any substance that promotes digestion |
| ferment | A substance capable of bringing about fermentation |
| fomentation | A substance used as a warm moist medicinal compress or poultice |
| food, nutrient | Any substance that can be metabolized by an animal to give energy and build tissue |
| fuel | A substance that can be consumed to produce energy |
| humectant | Any substance that is added to another substance to keep it moist |
| hydrocolloid | A substance that forms a gel with water |
| inhibitor | A substance that retards or stops an activity |
| inoculant, inoculum | A substance (a virus or toxin or immune serum) that is introduced into the body to produce or increase immunity to a particular disease |
| jelly | Any substance having the consistency of jelly or gelatin |
| leaven, leavening | A substance used to produce fermentation in dough or a liquid / liquid |
| ligand | A substance (an atom or molecule or radical or ion) that forms a complex around a central atom |
| lubricant, lubricator, lubricating substance, lube | A substance capable of reducing friction by making surfaces smooth or slippery |
| lysin | Any substance (such as an antibody) or agent that can cause lysis |
| metabolite | Any substance involved in metabolism (either as a product of metabolism or as necessary for metabolism) |
| nutrient | Any substance (such as a chemical element or inorganic compound) that can be taken in by a green plant and used in organic synthesis |
| philosopher's stone, philosophers' stone, elixir | hypothetical substance that the alchemists believed to be capable of changing base metals into gold |
| poison, toxicant, poisonous substance | Any substance that causes injury or illness or death of a living organism |
| propellant, propellent | Any substance that propels |
| pyrogen, pyrectic | Any substance that can cause a rise in body temperature |
| pyrogen | Any substance characterized by its great flammability |
| refrigerant | Any substance used to provide cooling (as in a refrigerator) |
| vehicle | Any substance that facilitates the use of a drug or pigment or other material that is mixed with it |
| Broader | matter | That which has mass and occupies space |
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| Spanish | substancia, sustancia |
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| Catalan | substància, sustància |
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