English > DNA: 1 sense > noun 1, substance| Meaning | (biochemistry) a long linear polymer found in the nucleus of a cell and formed from nucleotides and shaped like a double helix; associated with the transmission of genetic information. |
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| Synonyms | deoxyribonucleic acid, desoxyribonucleic acid |
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| Category | biochemistry | The organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms |
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| Parts | base pair | One of the pairs of chemical bases joined by hydrogen bonds that connect the complementary strands of a DNA molecule or of an RNA molecule that has two strands |
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| gene, cistron, factor | (genetics) a segment of DNA that is involved in producing a polypeptide chain |
| nucleic acid | (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells |
| Narrower | complementary DNA, cDNA | single-stranded DNA that is complementary to messenger RNA or DNA that has been synthesized from messenger RNA by reverse transcriptase |
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| episome | DNA that is not incorporated into the genome but is replicated together with the genome (especially in bacterial cells) |
| exon, coding DNA | sequence of a gene's DNA that transcribes into protein structures |
| intron, noncoding DNA | sequence of a eukaryotic gene's DNA that is not translated into a protein |
| junk DNA | stretches of DNA that do not code for genes |
| operon | A segment of DNA containing adjacent genes including structural genes and an operator gene and a regulatory gene |
| recombinant deoxyribonucleic acid, recombinant DNA | genetically engineered DNA made by recombining / recombining fragments of DNA from different organisms |
| sticky end | An end of DNA in which one strand of the double helix extends a few units beyond the other |
| transposon, jumping gene | A segment of DNA that can become integrated at many different sites along a chromosome (especially a segment of bacterial DNA that can be translocated as a whole) |
| Broader | polymer | A naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers |
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| Substances | adenine, A | (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA |
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| cytosine, C | A base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine |
| guanine, G | A purine base found in DNA and RNA |
| thymine, T | A base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine |
| Spanish | ácido deoxirribonucleico, ácido desoxirribonucleico, ADN |
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| Catalan | àcid deoxiribonucleic, àcid desoxiribonucleic, ADN |
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