English > RNA: 1 sense > noun 1, substance| Meaning | (biochemistry) a long linear polymer of nucleotides found in the nucleus but mainly in the cytoplasm of a cell where it is associated with microsomes; it transmits genetic information from DNA to the cytoplasm and controls certain chemical processes in the cell. |
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| Synonym | ribonucleic acid |
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| Category | biochemistry | The organic chemistry of compounds and processes occurring in organisms |
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| Parts | nucleic acid | (biochemistry) any of various macromolecules composed of nucleotide chains that are vital constituents of all living cells |
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| Narrower | messenger RNA, mRNA, template RNA, informational RNA | The template for protein synthesis |
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| nuclear RNA, nRNA | ribonucleic acid found in the nucleolus of the cell |
| transfer RNA, tRNA, acceptor RNA, soluble RNA | RNA molecules present in the cell (in at least 20 varieties, each variety capable of combining with a specific amino acid) that attach the correct amino acid to the protein chain that is being synthesized at the ribosome of the cell (according to directions coded in the mRNA) |
| Broader | polymer | A naturally occurring or synthetic compound consisting of large molecules made up of a linked series of repeated simple monomers |
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| Substances | adenine, A | (biochemistry) purine base found in DNA and RNA |
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| cytosine, C | A base found in DNA and RNA and derived from pyrimidine |
| guanine, G | A purine base found in DNA and RNA |
| ribose | A pentose sugar important as a component of ribonucleic acid |
| uracil, U | A base containing nitrogen that is found in RNA (but not in DNA) and derived from pyrimidine |
| Spanish | ácido ribonucleico, ARN, RNA |
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| Catalan | àcid ribonucleic, ARN |
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