| VERB | motion | turn back, backtrack, double back | retrace one's course |
|---|---|---|---|
| change | turn back, revert, return, retrovert, regress | go back to a previous state | |
| motion | turn back, chase away, drive out, drive away, dispel, drive off, run off | force to go away | |
| competition | turn back, check, arrest, stop, contain, hold back | hold back, as of a danger or an enemy | |
| change | turn back, invert, reverse | turn inside out or upside down |
| Meaning | retrace one's course. | |
|---|---|---|
| Pattern | Something ----s; Somebody ----s | |
| Example | "The hikers got into a storm and had to turn back" | |
| Synonyms | backtrack, double back | |
| Broader | return | Go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before |
| See also | turn | change orientation or direction, also in the abstract sense |
| Spanish | desandar, repasar | |
| Meaning | Go back to a previous state. | |
|---|---|---|
| Pattern | Something ----s; Somebody ----s; Something is ----ing PP; Somebody ----s PP | |
| Synonyms | revert, return, retrovert, regress | |
| Narrower | recover, go back, recuperate | regain a former condition after a financial loss |
| relapse, lapse, recidivate, regress, retrogress, fall back | Go back to bad behavior | |
| resile | Return to the original position or state after being stretched or compressed | |
| Broader | change by reversal, turn, reverse | change to the contrary |
| Spanish | regresar, revertir | |
| Catalan | retornar, tornar | |
| Meaning | Force to go away; used both with concrete and metaphoric meanings. | |
|---|---|---|
| Pattern | Somebody ----s something; Somebody ----s somebody; Something ----s somebody | |
| Example | "The supermarket had to turn back many disappointed customers" | |
| Synonyms | chase away, drive out, drive away, dispel, drive off, run off | |
| Narrower | banish | drive away |
| clear the air | dispel differences or negative emotions | |
| fire | drive out or away by or as if by fire | |
| shoo off, shoo, shoo away | drive away by crying 'shoo!' | |
| Broader | move, displace | Cause to move or shift into a new position or place, both in a concrete and in an abstract sense |
| Similar to | rout out, drive out, force out, rouse | Force or drive out |
| Spanish | ahuyentar, alejar, desvanecer | |
| Meaning | hold back, as of a danger or an enemy; check the expansion or influence of. | |
|---|---|---|
| Pattern | Somebody ----s something; Somebody ----s somebody; Something ----s somebody; Something ----s something | |
| Example | "Turn back the tide of communism" | |
| Synonyms | check, arrest, stop, contain, hold back | |
| Narrower | cut down, cut out | intercept (a player) |
| Broader | defend | Be on the defensive |
| Spanish | contener, parar | |
| Catalan | parar | |
| Meaning | Turn inside out or upside down. | |
|---|---|---|
| Pattern | Somebody ----s something; Something ----s something | |
| Synonyms | invert, reverse | |
| Broader | change, alter, modify | Cause to change |
| Spanish | invertir, poner al revés, trastocar | |
| Catalan | invertir | |
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