English > logic: 5 senses > noun 1, cognition| Meaning | The branch of philosophy that analyzes inference. |
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| Category of | analytic, analytical | Of a proposition that is necessarily true independent of fact or experience |
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| apodictic, apodeictic | Of a proposition |
| arity | The number of arguments that a function / function can take |
| axiom | (logic) a proposition that is not susceptible of proof or disproof |
| categorematic | Of a term or phrase capable of standing as the subject or (especially) the predicate of a proposition |
| completeness | (logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that a contradiction arises if any proposition is introduced that cannot be derived from the axioms of the system |
| consistency | (logic) an attribute of a logical system that is so constituted that none of the propositions deducible from the axioms contradict one another |
| contradiction, contradiction in terms | (logic) a statement that is necessarily false |
| corollary | (logic) an inference that follows directly from the proof of another proposition |
| explanans | (logic) statements that explain the explicandum |
| explicandum, explanandum | (logic) a statement of something (a fact or thing or expression) to be explained |
| extensional | Defining a word by listing the class of entities to which the word correctly applies |
| inductive | Of reasoning |
| inferential | Of reasoning |
| intensional | Used of the set of attributes that distinguish the referents of a given word |
| interchangeable | (mathematics, logic) such that the arguments or roles can be interchanged |
| logic operation, logical operation | An operation that follows the rules of symbolic logic |
| logical relation | A relation between propositions |
| negation | (logic) a proposition that is true if and only if another proposition is false |
| non sequitur | (logic) a conclusion that does not follow from the premises |
| noninterchangeable | Such that the terms of an expression cannot be interchanged without changing the meaning / meaning |
| nonmonotonic | not monotonic |
| paradox | (logic) a statement that contradicts itself |
| particular, particular proposition | (logic) a proposition that asserts something about some (but not all) members of a class |
| postulate, posit | (logic) a proposition that is accepted as true in order to provide a basis for logical reasoning |
| postulation, predication | (logic) a declaration of something self-evident |
| predicate | (logic) what is predicated of the subject of a proposition |
| presuppose, suppose | require as a necessary antecedent or precondition |
| proof | A formal series of statements showing that if one thing is true something else necessarily follows from it |
| proposition | (logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false |
| quantifier, logical quantifier | (logic) a word (such as 'some' or 'all' or 'no') that binds the variables in a logical proposition |
| quantify | Use as a quantifier |
| reflexivity, reflexiveness | (logic and mathematics) a relation such that it holds between an element and itself |
| scopal | Of or relating to scope |
| subject | (logic) the first term of a proposition |
| syncategorematic | Of a term that cannot stand as the subject or (especially) the predicate of a proposition but must be used in conjunction with other terms |
| synthetic, synthetical | Of a proposition whose truth value is determined by observation / observation or facts |
| tautology | (logic) a statement that is necessarily true |
| transitivity | (logic and mathematics) a relation between three elements such that if it holds between the first and second and it also holds between the second and third it must necessarily hold between the first and third |
| universal, universal proposition | (logic) a proposition that asserts something of all members of a class |
| Narrower | modal logic | The logical study of necessity and possibility |
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| Broader | philosophy | The rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics |
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| Spanish | lógica |
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| Catalan | lògica |
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| Nouns | logician, logistician | a person skilled at symbolic logic |
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