| NOUN | act | closed-heart surgery | heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened) |
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| Meaning | heart surgery in which a small incision is made (the chest cavity is not opened). | |
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| Narrower | minimally invasive coronary bypass surgery | heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed on the beating heart by the use of small instruments and cameras threaded through small incisions |
| port-access coronary bypass surgery | heart surgery in which a coronary bypass is performed by the use of small instruments and tiny cameras threaded through small incisions while the heart is stopped and blood is pumped through a heart-lung machine | |
| Broader | heart surgery | Any surgical procedure involving the heart |
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