HyperDic: philosopher

English > 2 senses of the word philosopher:
NOUNperson philosophera specialist in philosophy
person philosophera wise / wise person who is calm and rational
philosopher > pronunciation
Soundsfahlaa'sahfer
Rhymesaquifer ... zephyr / Zephyr: 60 rhymes with fer...
English > philosopher: 2 senses > noun 1, person
MeaningA specialist in philosophy.
CategoryphilosophyThe rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics
InstancesAbelard, Peter Abelard, Pierre AbelardFrench philosopher and theologian
AnaxagorasA presocratic Athenian philosopher who maintained that everything is composed of very small particles that were arranged by some eternal intelligence (500-428 BC)
AnaximanderA presocratic Greek philosopher and student of Thales who believed the universal substance to be infinity rather than something resembling ordinary objects (611-547 BC)
AnaximenesA presocratic Greek philosopher and associate of Anaximander who believed that all things are made of air in different degrees of density / density (6th century BC)
Arendt, Hannah ArendtUnited States historian and political philosopher (born in Germany) (1906-1975)
AristotleOne of the greatest of the ancient Athenian philosophers
Averroes, ibn-Roshd, Abul-Walid Mohammed ibn-Ahmad Ibn-Mohammed ibn-RoshdArabian philosopher born in Spain
Avicenna, ibn-Sina, Abu Ali al-Husain ibn Abdallah ibn SinaArabian physician and influential Islamic philosopher
Bacon, Francis Bacon, Sir Francis Bacon, Baron Verulam, 1st Baron Verulam, Viscount St. AlbansEnglish statesman and philosopher
Bentham, Jeremy BenthamEnglish philosopher and jurist
Bergson, Henri Bergson, Henri Louis BergsonFrench philosopher who proposed elan vital as the cause of evolution and development (1859-1941)
Berkeley, Bishop Berkeley, George BerkeleyIrish philosopher and Anglican bishop who opposed the materialism of Thomas Hobbes (1685-1753)
Boethius, Anicius Manlius Severinus BoethiusA Roman who was an early Christian philosopher and statesman who was executed for treason
Bruno, Giordano BrunoItalian philosopher who used Copernican principles to develop a pantheistic monistic philosophy
Buber, Martin BuberIsraeli religious philosopher (born in Austria)
Cassirer, Ernst CassirerGerman philosopher concerned with concept formation in the human mind and with symbolic forms in human culture generally (1874-1945)
Cleanthesancient Greek philosopher who succeeded Zeno of Citium as the leader of the Stoic school (300-232 BC)
Comte, Auguste Comte, Isidore Auguste Marie Francois ComteFrench philosopher remembered as the founder of positivism
Condorcet, Marquis de Condorcet, Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas CaritatFrench mathematician and philosopher (1743-1794)
Confucius, Kongfuze, K'ung Futzu, Kong the MasterChinese philosopher whose ideas / ideas and sayings were collected after his death and became the basis of a philosophical doctrine known a Confucianism (circa 551-478 BC)
DemocritusGreek philosopher who developed an atomistic theory of matter (460-370 BC)
Derrida, Jacques DerridaFrench philosopher and critic (born in Algeria)
Descartes, Rene DescartesFrench philosopher and mathematician
Dewey, John DeweyUnited States pragmatic philosopher who advocated progressive education (1859-1952)
Diderot, Denis DiderotFrench philosopher who was a leading figure of the Enlightenment in France
Dietrich, Paul Heinrich Dietrich, Thiry, Paul-Henri Thiry, d'Holbach, baron d'HolbachFrench philosopher (born in Germany) famous as being one of the first self-described atheists in Europe
DiogenesAn ancient Greek philosopher and Cynic who rejected social conventions (circa 400-325 BC)
EmpedoclesGreek philosopher who taught that all matter is composed of particles of fire and water and air and earth (fifth century BC)
EpictetusGreek philosopher who was a Stoic (circa 50-130)
EpicurusGreek philosopher who believed that the world is a random combination of atoms and that pleasure is the highest good (341-270 BC)
Haeckel, Ernst Heinrich HaeckelGerman biologist and philosopher
Hartley, David HartleyEnglish philosopher who introduced the theory of the association / association of ideas (1705-1757)
Hegel, Georg Wilhelm Friedrich HegelGerman philosopher whose three stage process of dialectical reasoning was adopted by Karl Marx (1770-1831)
HeraclitusA presocratic Greek philosopher who said that fire is the origin / origin of all things and that permanence is an illusion as all things are in perpetual flux (circa 500 BC)
Herbart, Johann Friedrich HerbartGerman philosopher (1776-1841)
Herder, Johann Gottfried von HerderGerman philosopher who advocated intuition over reason (1744-1803)
Hobbes, Thomas HobbesEnglish materialist and political philosopher who advocated absolute sovereignty as the only kind of government that could resolve problems caused by the selfishness of human beings (1588-1679)
Hume, David HumeScottish philosopher whose sceptical philosophy restricted human knowledge to that which can be perceived by the senses (1711-1776)
Husserl, Edmund HusserlGerman philosopher who developed phenomenology (1859-1938)
HypatiaGreek philosopher and astronomer
James, William JamesUnited States pragmatic philosopher and psychologist (1842-1910)
Kant, Immanuel Kantinfluential German idealist philosopher (1724-1804)
Kierkegaard, Soren Kierkegaard, Soren Aabye KierkegaardDanish philosopher who is generally considered. along with Nietzsche, to be a founder of existentialism (1813-1855)
Lao-tzu, Lao-tse, Lao-ziChinese philosopher regarded as the founder of Taoism (6th century BC)
Leibniz, Leibnitz, Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm LeibnitzGerman philosopher and mathematician who thought of the universe as consisting of independent monads and who devised a system of the calculus independent of Newton (1646-1716)
Locke, John LockeEnglish empiricist philosopher who believed that all knowledge is derived from sensory experience (1632-1704)
Lucretius, Titus Lucretius CarusRoman philosopher and poet
Lully, Raymond Lully, Ramon LullySpanish philosopher (1235-1315)
Mach, Ernst MachAustrian physicist and philosopher who introduced the Mach number and who founded logical positivism (1838-1916)
Machiavelli, Niccolo MachiavelliA statesman of Florence who advocated a strong central government (1469-1527)
Maimonides, Moses Maimonides, Rabbi Moses Ben MaimonSpanish philosopher considered the greatest Jewish scholar of the Middle Ages who codified Jewish law in the Talmud (1135-1204)
Malebranche, Nicolas de MalebrancheFrench philosopher (1638-1715)
Marcuse, Herbert MarcuseUnited States political philosopher (born in Germany) concerned about the dehumanizing effects of capitalism and modern technology (1898-1979)
Marx, Karl Marxfounder of modern communism
Mead, George Herbert MeadUnited States philosopher of pragmatism (1863-1931)
Mill, John Mill, John Stuart MillEnglish philosopher and economist remembered for his interpretations of empiricism and utilitarianism (1806-1873)
Mill, James MillScottish philosopher who expounded Bentham's utilitarianism
Montesquieu, Baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu, Charles Louis de SecondatFrench political philosopher who advocated the separation of executive and legislative and judicial powers (1689-1755)
Moore, G. E. Moore, George Edward MooreEnglish philosopher (1873-1958)
Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzscheinfluential German philosopher remembered for his concept of the superman and for his rejection of Christian values
Occam, William of Occam, Ockham, William of OckhamEnglish scholastic philosopher and assumed author of Occam's Razor (1285-1349)
OrigenGreek philosopher and theologian who reinterpreted Christian doctrine through the philosophy of Neoplatonism
Ortega y Gasset, Jose Ortega y GassetSpanish philosopher who advocated leadership / leadership by an intellectual elite (1883-1955)
ParmenidesA presocratic Greek philosopher born in Italy
Pascal, Blaise PascalFrench mathematician and philosopher and Jansenist
Peirce, Charles Peirce, Charles Sanders PeirceUnited States philosopher and logician
Perry, Ralph Barton PerryUnited States philosopher (1876-1957)
Platoancient Athenian philosopher
PlotinusRoman philosopher (born in Egypt) who was the leading representative of Neoplatonism (205-270)
PythagorasGreek philosopher and mathematician who proved the Pythagorean theorem
Quine, W. V. Quine, Willard Van Orman QuineUnited States philosopher and logician who championed an empirical view of knowledge that depended on language (1908-2001)
Radhakrishnan, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Sir Sarvepalli RadhakrishnanIndian philosopher and statesman who introduced Indian philosophy to the West (1888-1975)
Reid, Thomas ReidScottish philosopher of common sense who opposed the ideas of David Hume (1710-1796)
Rousseau, Jean-Jacques RousseauFrench philosopher and writer born in Switzerland
Russell, Bertrand Russell, Bertrand Arthur William Russell, Earl RussellEnglish philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Whitehead (1872-1970)
Schopenhauer, Arthur SchopenhauerGerman pessimist philosopher (1788-1860)
Schweitzer, Albert SchweitzerFrench philosopher and physician and organist who spent most of his life as a medical missionary / missionary in Gabon (1875-1965)
Seneca, Lucius Annaeus SenecaRoman statesman and philosopher who was an advisor to Nero
Socratesancient Athenian philosopher
Spencer, Herbert SpencerEnglish philosopher and sociologist who applied the theory of natural selection to human societies (1820-1903)
Spengler, Oswald SpenglerGerman philosopher who argued that cultures grow and decay in cycles (1880-1936)
Spinoza, de Spinoza, Baruch de Spinoza, Benedict de SpinozaDutch philosopher who espoused a pantheistic system (1632-1677)
Steiner, Rudolf SteinerAustrian philosopher who founded anthroposophy (1861-1925)
Stewart, Dugald StewartScottish philosopher and follower of Thomas Reid (1753-1828)
Tagore, Rabindranath Tagore, Sir Rabindranath TagoreIndian writer and philosopher whose poetry (based on traditional Hindu themes) pioneered the use of colloquial Bengali (1861-1941)
Teilhard de Chardin, Pierre Teilhard de ChardinFrench paleontologist and philosopher (1881-1955)
Thales, Thales of MiletusA presocratic Greek philosopher and astronomer (who predicted an eclipse in 585 BC) who was said by Aristotle to be the founder of physical science
TheophrastusGreek philosopher who was a student of Aristotle and who succeeded Aristotle as the leader of the Peripatetics (371-287 BC)
Weil, Simone WeilFrench philosopher (1909-1943)
Whitehead, Alfred North WhiteheadEnglish philosopher and mathematician who collaborated with Bertrand Russell (1861-1947)
Williams, Sir Bernard Williams, Bernard Arthur Owen WilliamsEnglish philosopher credited with reviving the field of moral philosophy (1929-2003)
Wittgenstein, Ludwig Wittgenstein, Ludwig Josef Johan WittgensteinBritish philosopher born in Austria
XenophanesGreek philosopher (560-478 BC)
Zeno, Zeno of Citiumancient Greek philosopher who founded the Stoic school (circa 335-263 BC)
Zeno, Zeno of Eleaancient Greek philosopher who formulated paradoxes that defended the belief that motion and change are illusory (circa 495-430 BC)
NarrowerCynicA member of a group of ancient Greek philosophers who advocated the doctrine that virtue is the only good and that the essence of virtue is self-control
Popper, Karl Popper, Sir Karl Raimund PopperBritish philosopher (born in Austria) who argued that scientific theories can never be proved to be true, but are tested by attempts to falsify them (1902-1994)
ScholasticA Scholastic philosopher or theologian
SophistAny of a group of Greek philosophers and teachers in the 5th century BC who speculated on a wide range of subjects
StoicA member of the ancient Greek school of philosophy founded by Zeno
eclectic, eclecticistsomeone who selects according to the eclectic method
empiricistA philosopher who subscribes to empiricism
epistemologistA specialist in epistemology
esthetician, aestheticianA philosopher who specializes in the nature of beauty
ethicist, ethicianA philosopher who specializes in ethics
existentialist, existentialist philosopher, existential philosopherA philosopher who emphasizes freedom of choice and personal responsibility but who regards human existence in a hostile universe as unexplainable
gymnosophistMember of a Hindu sect practicing gymnosophy (especially nudism)
libertariansomeone who believes the doctrine of free will
mechanistA philosopher who subscribes to the doctrine of mechanism
moralistA philosopher who specializes in morals and moral problems
nativistA philosopher who subscribes to nativism
naturalistAn advocate of the doctrine that the world can be understood in scientific / scientific terms
necessitariansomeone who does not believe the doctrine of free will
nominalistA philosopher who has adopted the doctrine of nominalism
pluralistA philosopher who believes that no single explanation can account for all the phenomena of nature
pre-SocraticAny philosopher who lived before Socrates
realistA philosopher who believes that universals are real and exist independently of anyone thinking of them
transcendentalistadvocate of transcendentalism
yogiOne who practices yoga and has achieved a high level of spiritual insight
Broaderscholar, scholarly person, bookman, studentA learned person (especially in the humanities)
Spanishfilósofa, filósofo
Catalanfilòsof
Adjectivesphilosophicof or relating to philosophy or philosophers
Nounsphilosophythe rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics
English > philosopher: 2 senses > noun 2, person
MeaningA wise / wise person who is calm and rational; someone who lives a life of reason with equanimity.
Broaderperson, individual, someone, somebody, mortal, soulA human being
Adjectivesphilosophical, philosophiccharacterized by the attitude of a philosopher
Nounsphilosophythe rational investigation of questions about existence and knowledge and ethics
philosophya belief (or system of beliefs) accepted as authoritative by some group or school
philosophyany personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation

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